Institutional Ontology
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Institutional Ontology

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Cite as:
Institutional Ontology.
Provenance of this page
Ontology Specification Draft

Abstract

This is a placeholder text for the abstract. The abstract should contain a couple of sentences summarizing the ontology and its purpose.

Introduction back to ToC

This is a place holder text for the introduction. The introduction should briefly describe the ontology, its motivation, state of the art and goals.

Institutional Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Named Individuals

SWRL Rules

Institutional Ontology: Description back to ToC

A controlled vocabulary of formal/administrative (institutional, in Searle's sense) concepts, starting with German tax-reporting field alignment across the MiKaDiv and KaFE schemas.

Cross-reference for Institutional Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by Institutional Ontology.

Classes

All given namesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://purl.openfaster.org/io/IO_0000001

A personal name that identifies an individual's given name(s) (first name and, where present, middle name(s)), as distinct from their family name.
Source
MiKaDiv: ThirdPartyDisclosureRequest.xsd, IndividualPersonType.FirstName. KaFE: kafe-standardtypes.xsd, NatP_Struct.Vorname and Ansprechperson_Struct.Vorname. KaFE Kommunikationshandbuch DIP-KAFE v1.4.0.
has super-classes
information content entity c

completely executed planned processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/COB_0000035

has super-classes
planned process c
has sub-classes
identifier creating process c, publishing process c
is in domain of
has specified output op
is in range of
is specified output of op

continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002

An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
has super-classes
entity c
has sub-classes
generically dependent continuant c, independent continuant c, specifically dependent continuant c
is in domain of
participates in op
is in range of
has participant op
is disjoint with
occurrent c

curation status specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000078

The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
Source
GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
OBI_0000266
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125
is equivalent to
{ example to be eventually removed ni , metadata complete ni , organizational term ni , ready for release ni , metadata incomplete ni , uncurated ni , pending final vetting ni , to be replaced with external ontology term ni , requires discussion ni }
has super-classes
data about an ontology part c
has members
example to be eventually removed ni, metadata complete ni, metadata incomplete ni, organizational term ni, pending final vetting ni, ready for release ni, requires discussion ni, to be replaced with external ontology term ni, uncurated ni

data about an ontology partc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102

Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
has super-classes
data entity c
has sub-classes
curation status specification c, denotator type c, obsolescence reason specification c

data entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027

An information content entity that is intended to be one or more truthful statement(s) about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125
Example 
Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries.
has super-classes
information content entity c
has sub-classes
data about an ontology part c

denotator typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000409

A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective.
Source
Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters
Example 
The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities.
is equivalent to
{ universal ni , defined class ni , named class expression ni }
has super-classes
data about an ontology part c
has members
defined class ni, named class expression ni, universal ni

dispositionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016

Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
has super-classes
realizable entity c
has sub-classes
function c
is in range of
has disposition op
is disjoint with
role c

documentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000310

A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000120
Example 
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
has super-classes
information content entity c
has sub-classes
publication c

entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001

Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
Julius Caesar
Verdi’s Requiem
the Second World War
your body mass index
has sub-classes
continuant c, occurrent c
is in domain of
denoted by op
is in range of
denotes op

functionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034

Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
the function of a hammer to drive in nails
the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
has super-classes
disposition c
is in domain of
function of op
is in range of
has function op

generically dependent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031

b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
has super-classes
continuant c
has sub-classes
information content entity c
is disjoint with
independent continuant c, specifically dependent continuant c

identifierc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0020000

An information content entity that is the outcome of a dubbing process and is used to refer to one instance of entity shared by a group of people to refer to that individual entity.
Sep 29, 2016: The current definition has been amended from the previous version: "A proper name is an information content entity that is the outcome of a dubbing process and is used to refer to one instance of entity shared by a group of people to refer to that individual entity." to more accuratly reflect the necessary and sufficient condition on the class. (MB)
Authors:
Mathias Brochhausen
is equivalent to
information content entity c and (denotes op some entity c) and (is specified output of op some identifier creating process c)
has super-classes
information content entity c

identifier creating processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0020010

A planned process that provides a reference to an individual entity shared by a group of subscribers to refer to that individual entity.
Authors:
Mathias Brochhausen
is equivalent to
completely executed planned process c and (has specified output op some identifier c)
has super-classes
completely executed planned process c

independent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004

b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
a chair
a heart
a leg
a molecule
a spatial region
an atom
an orchestra.
an organism
the bottom right portion of a human torso
the interior of your mouth
has super-classes
continuant c
is in domain of
has disposition op, has function op, has role op
is disjoint with
specifically dependent continuant c, generically dependent continuant c

information content entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030

A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.
Source
OBI_0000142
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122
Example 
Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
has super-classes
generically dependent continuant c
has sub-classes
All given names c, Last name c, data entity c, document c, identifier c
is in domain of
denotes op, is about op
is in range of
denoted by op

Last namec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://purl.openfaster.org/io/IO_0000002

A personal name that identifies an individual's family name (surname), as distinct from their given name(s).
Source
MiKaDiv: ThirdPartyDisclosureRequest.xsd, IndividualPersonType.LastName. KaFE: kafe-standardtypes.xsd, NatP_Struct.Nachname and Ansprechperson_Struct.Nachname.
has super-classes
information content entity c

obsolescence reason specificationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000225

The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125
is equivalent to
{ failed exploratory term ni , placeholder removed ni , terms merged ni , term imported ni , term split ni , out of scope ni }
has super-classes
data about an ontology part c
has members
domain entity does not exist ni, failed exploratory term ni, out of scope ni, placeholder removed ni, term imported ni, term split ni, terms merged ni

occurrentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003

An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
has super-classes
entity c
has sub-classes
process c
is in domain of
has participant op
is in range of
participates in op
is disjoint with
continuant c

planned processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/COB_0000082

A process that is initiated by an agent who intends to carry out a plan to achieve an objective through one or more actions as described in a plan specification.
has super-classes
process c
has sub-classes
completely executed planned process c

processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015

p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
a process of meiosis
a process of sleeping
the course of a disease
the flight of a bird
the life of an organism
your process of aging.
has super-classes
occurrent c
has sub-classes
planned process c

publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000311

A document that is the output of a publishing process.
Revisit the term in Octorber 2020. Improve the defintion.
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000120
Example 
journal article, newspaper story, book, etc.
is equivalent to
document c and (is specified output of op only publishing process c)
has super-classes
document c

publishing processc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000444

A planned process of making information, such as literature, music, and software etc., available to the public for sale or for free.
Source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publishing
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000120
has super-classes
completely executed planned process c

qualityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019

Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
the ambient temperature of this portion of air
the color of a tomato
the length of the circumference of your waist
the mass of this piece of gold.
the shape of your nose
the shape of your nostril
has super-classes
specifically dependent continuant c
is in range of
has quality op
is disjoint with
realizable entity c

realizable entityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017

A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
the disposition of your blood to coagulate
the function of your reproductive organs
the role of being a doctor
the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
has super-classes
specifically dependent continuant c
has sub-classes
disposition c, role c
is disjoint with
quality c

rolec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023

A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
the priest role
the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
the role of a building in serving as a military target
the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
the role of subject in a clinical trial
the student role
has super-classes
realizable entity c
is in range of
has role op
is disjoint with
disposition c

specifically dependent continuantc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020

b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
Is defined by
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl
Example 
Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
the disposition of this fish to decay
the function of this heart: to pump blood
the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
the role of being a doctor
the shape of this hole.
the smell of this portion of mozzarella
has super-classes
continuant c
has sub-classes
quality c, realizable entity c
is in range of
has characteristic op
is disjoint with
independent continuant c, generically dependent continuant c

Object Properties

characteristic ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052

a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.
Example 
this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
this red color is a characteristic of this apple

has characteristics: functional

has sub-properties
disposition of op, function of op, quality of op, role of op
is inverse of
has characteristic op

denoted byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000235

inverse of the relation 'denotes'
has domain
entity c
has range
information content entity c
is inverse of
denotes op

denotesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000219

A primitive, instance-level, relation obtaining between an information content entity and some portion of reality. Denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something. The only relation between E and the thing is that E can be used to 'pick out' the thing. This relation connects those two together. Freedictionary.com sense 3: To signify directly; refer to specifically
Source
Conversations with Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters, Bjoern Peters, Michel Dumontier, Melanie Courtot, James Malone, Bill Hogan
Example 
A person's name denotes the person. A variable name in a computer program denotes some piece of memory. Lexically equivalent strings can denote different things, for instance "Alan" can denote different people. In each case of use, there is a case of the denotation relation obtaining, between "Alan" and the person that is being named.
has super-properties
is about op
has domain
information content entity c
has range
entity c
is inverse of
denoted by op

disposition ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000092

This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
has super-properties
characteristic of op
is inverse of
has disposition op

function ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000079

a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
Example 
this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
has super-properties
characteristic of op
has domain
function c
is inverse of
has function op

has characteristicop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053

Inverse of characteristic_of
Example 
this apple is bearer of this red color
this vase is bearer of this fragility

has characteristics: inverse functional

has sub-properties
has disposition op, has function op, has quality op, has role op
has range
specifically dependent continuant c
is inverse of
characteristic of op

has dispositionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000091

a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
independent continuant c
has range
disposition c
is inverse of
disposition of op

has functionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000085

a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
Example 
this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
independent continuant c
has range
function c
is inverse of
function of op

has participantop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057

a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Source
http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
Example 
this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
this investigation has participant this investigator
this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
has sub-properties
has specified output op
has domain
occurrent c
has range
continuant c
is inverse of
participates in op

has qualityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000086

a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
Example 
this apple has quality this red color
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has range
quality c
is inverse of
quality of op

has roleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087

a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
Example 
this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
has super-properties
has characteristic op
has domain
independent continuant c
has range
role c
is inverse of
role of op

has specified outputop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000299

The inverse property of is specified output of
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122
has super-properties
has participant op
has domain
completely executed planned process c
is inverse of
is specified output of op

is aboutop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136

A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
Source
Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125
Example 
This document is about information artifacts and their representations
has sub-properties
denotes op
has domain
information content entity c

is specified output ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000312

A relation between a completely executed planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
Term status
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122
has super-properties
participates in op
has range
completely executed planned process c
is inverse of
has specified output op

participates inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056

a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
Example 
this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
this investigator participates in this investigation
has sub-properties
is specified output of op
has domain
continuant c
has range
occurrent c
is inverse of
has participant op

quality ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000080

a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
Example 
this red color is a quality of this apple
has super-properties
characteristic of op
is inverse of
has quality op

role ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000081

a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.
Example 
this investigator role is a role of this person
has super-properties
characteristic of op
is inverse of
has role op

Named Individuals

defined classni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000420

A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal
belongs to
denotator type c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "defined class"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal"@en
I A O 0000116 ap ""definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal."@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Alan Ruttenberg"@en

domain entity does not existni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMO_0001002

The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was a valid domain entity, but it turns out the entity does not exist in reality.
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000115 ap "The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was a valid domain entity, but it turns out the entity does not exist in reality."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. For example: Obsoleting class that describes a breed of cow based on a record in an existing database, that was later retracted as faulty (breed does not exist). Do not use this term to obsolete a historic concept (that was once valid, but not anymore). "@en
I A O 0000117 ap 0000 0002 4142 7153 ep
I A O 0000233 ap "https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/136"
I A O 0000234 ap "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4142-7153"

example to be eventually removedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000002

belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "example to be eventually removed"@en

failed exploratory termni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000103

The term was initially used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology, but in retrospect failed to do a good job.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "failed exploratory term"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term was initially used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology, but in retrospect failed to do a good job."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "Terms created as placeholders with the expectation of being permanent should instead be deprecated using the "placeholder removed" (obo:IAO_0000226) justification."@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Person:Alan Ruttenberg"@en

metadata completeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000120

Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "metadata complete"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete."@en

metadata incompleteni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000123

Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "metadata incomplete"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors."@en

named class expressionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000421

A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression.
belongs to
denotator type c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "named class expression"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions"@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Alan Ruttenberg"@en

organizational termni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000121

The term was created to ease viewing/sorting terms for development purposes, but will not be included in a release.
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "organizational term"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term was created to ease viewing/sorting terms for development purposes, but will not be included in a release."@en

out of scopeni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMO_0001000

The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000115 ap "The term was added to the ontology on the assumption it was in scope, but it turned out later that it was not."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "This obsolesence reason should be used conservatively. Typical valid examples in disease ontologies are: unnecessary class grouping; mistaked creation of a disease associated to a phenotype."@en
I A O 0000117 ap 0000 0001 5208 3432 ep
I A O 0000233 ap "https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/77"
I A O 0000234 ap "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432"

pending final vettingni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125

All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor.
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "pending final vetting"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor."@en

placeholder removedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000226

The term was created to temporarily stand in for a semantic purpose, but is no longer needed, typically due to another permanent term being defined.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "placeholder removed"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term was created to temporarily stand in for a semantic purpose, but is no longer needed, typically due to another permanent term being defined."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "This reason is appropriate for a temporary term even if no permanent term is defined; for example if the need for the term no longer exists. If a permanent (replacement) term is defined, the deprecated term should reference the replacement with IAO:0100001. If no replacement is defined, it may be appropriate to reference alternative terms with oboInOwl:consider."@en

ready for releaseni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122

Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "ready for release"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release.""@en

requires discussionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000428

A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
Source
group:OBI
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "requires discussion"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues."@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Alan Ruttenberg"@en
I A O 0000119 ap "group:OBI"@en

term importedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000228

The term has been replaced by a term imported from another ontology.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "term imported"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term has been replaced by a term imported from another ontology."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. The deprecated term should reference the imported term with obo:IAO_0100001."@en

term splitni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000229

The term has been split into two or more new terms.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "term split"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term has been split into two or more new terms."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split. The deprecated term should reference the replacement terms with obo:IAO_0100001."@en

terms mergedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000227

The term has been combined with one or more other terms to create a more encompassing (merged) term.
Contributors:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779
belongs to
obsolescence reason specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "terms merged"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "The term has been combined with one or more other terms to create a more encompassing (merged) term."@en
I A O 0000116 ap "The deprecated term should reference the merged term with obo:IAO_0100001. The replacement term should reference the original terms as sources using obo:RO_0001000 (derives_from). An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge."@en

to be replaced with external ontology termni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000423

Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
Source
group:OBI
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "to be replaced with external ontology term"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology."@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Alan Ruttenberg"@en
I A O 0000119 ap "group:OBI"@en

uncuratedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000124

Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
belongs to
curation status specification c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "uncurated"@en
I A O 0000115 ap "Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term."@en

universalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000410

Source
A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf
belongs to
denotator type c
has facts
I A O 0000111 ap "universal"@en
I A O 0000116 ap "Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents."@en
I A O 0000117 ap "Alan Ruttenberg"@en
I A O 0000119 ap "A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf"@en

SWRL rules

Rule #1back to ToC or SWRL ToC

has characteristic op(?e,?d) , quality c(?d) -> has quality op(?e,?d)

Rule #2back to ToC or SWRL ToC

has characteristic op(?e,?d) , role c(?d) -> has role op(?e,?d)

Rule #3back to ToC or SWRL ToC

has characteristic op(?e,?d) , function c(?d) -> has function op(?e,?d)

Rule #4back to ToC or SWRL ToC

has characteristic op(?e,?d) , disposition c(?d) -> has disposition op(?e,?d)

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
ni: Named Individuals
ep: External Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.